Works of the great Russian writer FedorDostoevsky should be known by every self-respecting person. If the time for a full reading of all the books is categorically not enough, read to begin with "Humiliated and insulted." The summary (1 part and the following will be considered in this review) will tell you about the difficult history of two families and will teach you to recognize good and evil, sincerity and lies, love and false feelings.

The main characters of the novel

Fedor Dostoevsky in the narrative introduces IvanPetrovich - a writer who completes his novel by the end of the work. To start a diary he did not start from a good life: in the childhood his parents left him an orphan, and the boy was brought up in the house of Nikolai Sergeyevich Ikhmenev. He was a good, but impoverished name, lost his estate, but soon became the owner of a small village and married Anna Andreevna Shumilova. In subsequent chapters, the family faces troubles. The reader understands that the name of the work is not chosen by chance, and it is the Ichmenians who are humiliated and offended.

The summary tells that toold people began to visit Prince Peter Alexandrovich Valkovsky with his son Alyosha. Ichmenev soon became manager, but after the conflict his family was forced again to go to Petersburg. The daughter of Nikolai Sergeevich and Anna Andreeva, Natasha, was a stumbling block between Alyosha and writer Ivan. The subsequent events of this love triangle will be described in the book "Humiliated and Injured". A summary of the parts and chapters will convey the complexity of the relationship between the two families.

The minor characters of the novel and their role

Actions begin in the German confectionery, wheresent old man Smith with dog Azorka. In the room, he irritates those present with his many hours of pastime, but he is no longer destined to return here ... Azorka suddenly dies of old age or hunger, after which the old man hurried out and also suddenly died.

Be an eyewitness to the actions of the novel "The Humiliated andinsulted ": a summary of the chapters will tell you how important it is in this cruel world to remain a good person, which was the main character Ivan.Smith calls him his address, and soon the young man moves to his apartment where he meets the old man's granddaughter - Elena. Trifonovna Bubnova, the bearer of this orphan girl, often beats her and humiliates him Philip Philipovich Masloboev is a school friend of Vanya, to whom he tells the story of Smith.

Princess Katerina Fedorovna Filimonova is becomingfirst a friend of Alyosha, and then a bride, thereby destroying his relationship with Natasha. The heroine appears infrequently in the novel, but the reader immediately becomes aware that under the guise of this rich woman lies a naive child.

Contents of the 1 part "Humiliated and Injured" (short)

Reviews about this novel range fromenthusiastically positive to disapproval, but in order to appreciate the writer's idea, it is necessary to delve deeper into the era of the 19th century and understand the complexity of the relationship of the main characters.

In the first pages of his book Dostoevskyacquaints the reader with the life of Ivan Petrovich, the family of Ichmenov and Valkovsky. The prince sends for educational purposes in the house of Nikolai Sergeevich his son Alyosha, and there a young man and Natasha are fastened a novel. All this happened during the absence of Ivan, who went to study in St. Petersburg. On his return, the young writer realizes that Natasha is his destiny. Ivan makes her an offer, which the girl accepts, but the old men do not hurry with the wedding, and this mistake becomes fatal ... Soon Natasha goes to Alyosha, who later turned out to be a scoundrel.

Unfortunate Ivan moved to Smith's apartment andmeets there with his granddaughter Elena. Alyosha and Natasha lived in a poor apartment on the Fontanka. The girl was often sad and was sure that the groom would leave her for Katerina Fedorovna's sake-the young lady Prince Valkovsky had chosen as his wife. Natasha talked with all intimate things to Ivan, who often visited her.

Contents 2 parts

Prince Valkovsky wants to be related to KaterinaFilimonova, but at the same time she understands that only Natasha will bring real happiness to his son. Ivan often sees Elena and becomes witness to how cruelly she is treated by old Bubnov: after the beating, the girl begins to have seizures. It's hard to believe that such cruel women still live on the ground, but the description of such atrocities is given in the book "Humiliated and Insulted." The summary, fortunately, does not convey the horror of the fourth chapter of the second part.

A young man decides to take the girl away, hiresher doctor, buys good clothes, but she was anxious to work and ready to go back to the old tyrant. The poor woman begins to look after her savior herself and asks Nelli to call her henceforth-that's the name of her foreign mother.

Contents 3 parts

Approaching the apartment of Natasha on the Fontanka, Ivannoticed the carriage of Prince Valkovsky, with whom they then entered the house together. The girl was alone and told that Alyosha had not appeared for several days, but when she started a speech, how suddenly he returned from Katerina Filimonova. Natasha flushed, deciding that the prince was only trying to seem kind, but in fact yearning for the bride's son to be this rich young lady ...

Alyosha swore by Ichmeyeva in eternal love and in that,that to Katya only applies as a sister. But the girl did not believe and asked Ivan to visit the countess. It's easy to guess that fate over the family of Ihmenevs was cruelly jested, and they are the ones who are humiliated and insulted. A brief description of the subsequent events reveals this idea. Soon the prince proposed to visit the countess. Gradually the reader will learn that Katerina is in love with Ivan, and he already almost does not love Natasha. The drunken prince at the party opened on the other side: he confessed his own selfish intentions and announced his desire to marry his son and the countess.

Contents 4 parts

Now Ivan's heart hurts for two girls: for Natasha and Nelly. The second became disobedient and joked about her doctor. The unfortunate one was diagnosed with heart disease, and even drugs can not prolong her life. Nellie could not live with Ivan calmly, so she fled, leaving a note. The doctor, who at first seemed to be her friend, refused to take her to be raised, and the girl did not want to stay with the Ichmenovs.

Next is the culmination of the novel "The Humiliated andinsulted "- a brief summary of the subsequent chapters reveals the vile nature of the whole Valkovsky family.Alyosha claims that she loves Katerina Filimonova but hurries to marry Natasha, since she does not imagine life without her, but their happiness is hampered by the conflict of the fathers, so Ichmenev deprives the daughter of the parental blessing and curses However, the wedding of Alyosha and Natasha did not take place, and the winner in this battle was the prince who married his son on the decanter.The old people of Ihmenev found another happiness: they forgave their daughter and began to educate Nelly to to home.

Epilogue

Nellie continued to live in the house of the oldIkhmenev, and soon quite accustomed to them, and Ivan finished his story, on which he had worked for so long. Philip Masloboev often visited the family and did not stand aside, having learned about the tragic fate of the girl. He secretly tells Ivan that Nellie is not really an orphan at all, but a daughter of Prince Valkovsky - this is a turning point in the book “Humiliated and Offended”. It turned out that the girl knew everything, but was silent ... She lives out her last days in torment. Before her death, Nelly hands Ivan a cross with an amulet, where her mother Valkovsky’s message was kept.

The story of the fall and resurrection of the main character

First love is always the most sincere, passionate andentails serious consequences - for Natasha Alyosha was probably the first, so she left her father's house for his sake. She herself executed herself, deciding to give up everything and become a slave to this “adult child”, the eternal player and pet of women. Because of the Valkovskys, Ikhmenevs are not only unhappy, but humiliated and offended.

The summary further narrates thatWithout a twinge of conscience, Alyosha complained to Catherine that Natasha did not sacrifice anything to him ... Did he really have little to leave the girl from the parental home? Nikolai Ikhmenev forbade to pronounce the name of his daughter, but he himself stole a gold medallion with her portrait from his wife, in order to secretly admire, remember, suffer… the main excuse. At the end of the fourth part, the father forgives his daughter and falls before her on his knees. Ikhmenev, humiliated and offended, still reunite, and for them this is true happiness.

The role of the heroine Nelly in the concept of the book

The tragedy of the novel is enhanced by the description of the difficultfate of a girl with a heart defect, which, as it seems at first glance, became a participant in the actions of chance. Illegitimate Nellie, who lost her mother in childhood, is doomed to the end of her life to hate humanity, which has caused her so much pain. They endure all the beatings, humiliation, and she herself refuses to be happy - this small creature does not know what it means to be happy, perhaps, therefore, she cannot live with people who are humiliated and insulted just like her.

Summary reveals the true story of herfamily: Smith once cursed and ousted his daughter, who had fled with her lover, who was Valkovsky. It was Nelly who returns harmony and understanding to the Ikhmenev family. Nikolai Sergeevich is aware of the sinfulness of his act and he himself rushes at Natasha’s feet with a request to forgive him. Thus, poor Nelli sacrificed herself for the sins of a mother, a mean father, and for the happiness of the Ihmenev family.

History of creation

The book "Humiliated and Insulted" was published in1861 in the journal "Time", during the life of Dostoevsky was reprinted twice. In Russia, writers who returned from exile were wary of this, so the ingenious novel was not greeted enthusiastically, although critics responded positively about it (in particular, V. G. Belinsky).

The work was filmed three times: in 1915 by the troupe of artists of the Solovtsov Theater, in 1976 a performance staged by E. Velikhanov was released. In 1991 the film was shot by director A. Eshpay; in 2005 a musical was made to music by A. Zhurbin. To understand the idea of ​​the novel, it is important not only to watch the statement from the screen, but also to read "Humiliated and offended" (summary).

Hugo and his novel "Les Miserables"

The theme of the humiliated and offended is not the first centuryremains relevant in the world literature. The protagonist of Victor Hugo’s work, Jean Valjac, spent almost 20 years in penal servitude for petty theft, and having been released, opened his own factory and became mayor. He does all this under a false name, but the whole truth becomes known to the authorities: the poor fellow is deprived of his liberty again, but this time he escapes. Jean brings up Cosette, the daughter of an unhappy woman who died of consumption. The girl's beloved participated in the republican uprising and was convicted, but Valzhak saves him and blesses the young. The following year he dies in poverty at the hands of Cosette and her husband. "The Miserable" is the story of a sinner who has become a great righteous man. Thus, the works on the theme “Humiliated and offended” are available not only to Fyodor Dostoevsky, but also to Victor Hugo.